The Catcher in the Rye is a work written by J. D. Salinger that from different points of view combine some types of translation difficulties. They form collocations with other items in the text as single units and enter into lexical sets which are different from those of their individual words. By continuing well assume youre on board with our One might think that if the distinction can be made, people are home free and the computer can produce an acceptable translation. He lets the reader know how the character feels at that time and his or her thoughts. In the words of Nida and Taber (1974): Translating consists of reproducing, in the target language, the nearest equivalent to the message in the source language, in the first place in the semantic aspect and, in the second place, in the stylistic aspect. The conclusion is that the Romanian translation played an innovatory role and an influential one in the literary system of the native country by breaking the norms of the TL, in order to render the stylistic qualities of the ST, and by introducing the use of slang language into Romanian, as a new and alternative means of expression. Intralinguistic transfer can also be illustrated by stylistic differentiation. J. D. Salinger used the simple epithet pretty lousy (J. He is a nonconformist. PhDessay is an educational resource where over 1,000,000 free essays are The Catcher in the Rye. You Have to Read in the course of. In Salingers Catcher in the Rye Holden Caulfields entire plot deals with him trying to isolate from society. What did Holden write Stradlater's composition about *? But it is necessary to convey some very specific details from the original socio-cultural reality in order to remind the target audience that the source text is written in another culture. Salinger probably wanted to establish a temporal perspective and not risk having the reader assume that Holden was writing something like a diary or journal. Modernists shared a common purpose. 52) The red hunting hat is inseparable from the image of Holden Caufield, with good reason. On the one hand, despises his room mates and headmaster of Elton Hills prep school ,but does have a favorite teacher. For the first time, I can see a definite connection between the main character in the story and the author. The symbols I have chosen display Holden Caufields emotions, actions, and way of life. In addition it can be concluded that the given paper may serve as didactic material for those students and teachers who are interested in the process of tranlation and in the identification of the translation difficulties in a conten from source language into target language and in the work with the lexical peccularities, also this research paper may be used durin the courses tied with translation. Relationships, intimacy, and sexuality are also recurring motifs relating to the larger theme of alienation. As he finishes the essay, Holden can hear Ackley snoring and comments that one has to feel sorry for Ackley when one considers all the problems he has.". Mad about Children." It is probably caused by conversion and easiness in formation of new words in various ways, heterogeneity of languages vocabulary and some other reasons. Stradlater then becomes worried that he has hurt Holden and will get into trouble. It also helps to improve ones understanding of the principal rules of translation which plays leading role while processing translation. The conclusion is that generally they have been successfully rendered and they have usually followed the ST. American characteristic of the languages ability to adapt nouns into adjectives and nouns into adverbs (usually by adding a letter), which is, unfortunately, not possible in Romanian and thus the translators had to find suitable translation adaptation methods since our languages grammatical patterns do not allow similar adaptations. In general, the main characters are usually misfits of society: they dont like their way of life; they use to start with their stories telling us their bad conditions, their problems with the society and life in general. If the two senses of the same word do not seem to fit, yet seem related, then it is likely that they are polysemous. The pressure of adolescent sexualityan important theme throughout The Catcher in the Rye makes itself felt here for the first time: Holden's greatest worry is that Stradlater will make sexual advances toward Jane. These mistakes are caused not only by difference in their semantic structure but by the difference of their usage as well which demand lexical changes. Quotation). In this case, the provided solutions are not the explanation of the sense of phraseologisms that, in the compilers intentions, should serve to translate them into the other language. I personally thought the red hunting hat, The Museum of Natural History, and The Ducks in the Central Park Lagoon were the most significant and came up regularly in the novel. Another important aspect of this chapter focused on the presentation of the major themes developed by Salinger in his novel, in the Nine Stories collection and in some of his mature and last publications until 1965 when he stopped publishing his writings. Another fight with Stradlater Feb 13, 2023 - Feb 14, 2023 For example, Louis Menand said that the early stories of Pulitzer Prize- winner Philip Roth- were affected by J. D. Salinger. It is a comparison of two objects when the linkage is made explicit, like drumming like a noise in dreams. The popularity of the novel and debate over its redeeming social value have never faltered since its initial publication, due in no large part to the fact that J.D. Many translators mark out originality of his feature world and that is why the originality of his language and style and the specific usage of popular speech and dialectisms. Sometimes in translation, the translator will face some problems related to the equivalences of source and target languages. This is the first time we learn who the true Holden Caulfield is and therefore is the most illuminating moment in The Catcher In the Rye. He just got a Jaguar. They were fighting over writing the English composition. The first type of translation difficulties that could be seen in J. D. Salingers novel The Catcher in the Ray is distinguished between various uses of a word of general vocabulary. The object of this research paper can be considered as one that gives the detailed review of the translation difficulties. In his definition of translation equivalence, Popovic distinguished four types: Linguistic equivalence, where there is homogeneity on the linguistic level. We must think that the authors language was revolutionary, new and controversial at the time his first stories were published. It is as if the mitt fills a void in Holden or gives him comfort when the hole becomes unbearable. When he finally gets around to writing Stradlater's composition, he only. But if you get on the other side, where there aren't any hot-shots, then what's a game about it? When he calls him a moron, Stradlater warns him to be quiet, but he only . As far as idioms and phraseological units are concerned in translation, the first difficulty that a translator comes across is being able to recognize that s/he is dealing with an idiomatic expression. Short Summaries of the Books . ); Intensification of a feature (simile, hyperbole, periphrasis). From the investigated material it can be concluded that: Researching this paper is established that: J. D. Salinger is one of the main representatives of the Modern literature which is experimented with a wide variety of new approaches and techniques, producing a remarkably diverse body of literature. Rev. Educators go through a rigorous application process, and every answer they submit is reviewed by our in-house editorial team. Such idioms lend themselves easily to manipulation by speakers and writers who will sometimes play on both their literal and idiomatic meanings. He shows that these symbols will change their lives for the better. Enjoy eNotes ad-free and cancel anytime. Salinger, the other novelty was the big critic of the society that it represented. The third type of difficulty is the need to be sensitive to total context, including the intended audience of the translation. As you can see the theme of the painfulness of growing up is very prevalent throughout The Catcher In The Rye. It is not important to classify the device itself but the point is to be able to realize their ongoing effect and to identify the purpose of their application in the translation they are working on. Jerome David "J. D." Salinger is an American author, best known for his 1951 novel The Catcher in the Rye, as well as his reclusive nature. of The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Holden introduced her to Stradlater, because he didn't want to date her himself. He is frightened because he is guilty of the sins he criticizes in others, and because he can't understand everything around him. ?>, Order original essay sample specially for your assignment needs, https://phdessay.com/the-importance-of-stradlaters-composition-in-the-catcher-in-the-rye/, The Catcher in The Rye: Depression Catcher, Lexical Pecularities and Translation Difficulties in the Catcher in the Rye by J. D. Salinger., Holder In The Catcher in the Rye By J. D. Salinger, get custom Does Mr. Antolini really make a pass at Holden? Generally speaking, the more difficult an expression is to understand and the less sense it makes in a given context, the more likely a translator will recognize it as an idiom. 81) The Ducks in the pond are symbolic in many ways, they prove that some vanishings are only temporary. Your group members can use the joining link below to redeem their group membership. In order to achieve the main goal and to study these important features of this theme the following specific objectives must be considered. Grammatical transformations are characterized by various principles grammatical and lexical as well, though the principal role is given to grammatical ones. Richard Yates wrote at The New York Times in 1977 that Salinger is a man who used language as if it were pure energy beautifully controlled, and who knew exactly what he was doing in every silence as well as in every word. Stylistic device that was used in the novel The Cather in the Ray written by J. D. Salinger is peculiar use of set expression which was used in the form of quotations the quotation could be easily identify in some chapters of the novel. database? harmony in order to life, The Importance of Stradlaters Composition in the Catcher in the Rye. The place or state of punishment of the wicked after death; the abode of evil and condemned spirits; Used as an intensifier to express surprise, anger, impatience, etc. None of their constituents may be substituted with words of similar meaning. Holden insults him some more, and Stradlater finally leaves the room. In The Catcher in the Rye, what does Mr. Antolini's quotation, from a psychoanalyst named Wilhelm Stekel, mean? The main reasons for the novels extensive banning refer to the colloquial and slang language used by Holden Caulfield and to the books sexual content. Holden does not understand why Allie who was much smarter than him died. But nonetheless as the book developments, Carl starts to learn initiative and he catches a job at a barge and starts to bring money in. All stylistic devices are multi functional. He asks Holden to write a composition for him for English. Mothers are all slightly insane(Salinger 176), this shows Holdens belief that all adults are in one way or another phony. [5:p.66-67]. The Catcher In The Rye Essay Throughout the book, The Catcher In the Rye, the theme that I saw reoccurring in the novel was the painfulness of growing up. What is the setting for The Catcher in the Rye? This quotation is from Holden's conversation with Spencer in Chapter 2. Very often these grammatical changes are mixed so that they have lexical-grammatical character. Learn which of the following circumstances usually comes before a period of economic contraction? No game.. Latest answer posted April 14, 2021 at 10:45:43 AM. Theyre nice and all Im not saying that but. First of all we should account for the techniques or the main pont of an analyse such as translation dificulties and lexical peculiarities that are used during the Modern Age for pointing out the most esential meaning of the writings that were written during the period. Sometimes it can end up there. Already a member? Perhaps Holden interacts with it with the innocence and the purity he believes with these characters represents and wears it as a way to connect to them. There are certain elements in every language which make reference to something else within the text or context of situation for their interpretation. He also says that Allie was an incredibly nice, innocent child. This term means a word that has the same or similar form in the source and target languages but another meaning in the target language. He uses the pronoun you all the time, but as we know this could be translated as tu, c-ati, va. The free trial period is the first 7 days of your subscription. Normally, the conflict becomes the base of the unhapppiness, but many of the Salingers characters, loneliness or isolation is the better way for seach happiness. The following problem which demands careful consideration in lexical transformations of translation is problem of word combinability. Metaphor is transference of some quality from one object to another. The interjection that was used by the author is Ohwell (J. D. Salinger:7)The interjection used by the author Oh it is possible to express various feelings such as regret, despair, disappointment sorrow, surprise and many others but especially this the author point out to the reader Old Spenser hesitation for giving a clear and interesting answer to Holdens question. Renew your subscription to regain access to all of our exclusive, ad-free study tools. . Those grammatical transformations maybe divided into following types: Substitution is one of the grammatical relations among the parts of the sentences. Holden also hates the fact that Ackley comes into his room and picks up things that belong to him and his roommate, Ward Stradlater. But it can also be said that a more diversified way of translating the same linguistic structures may indicate a better adaptation to the TL, although the psychological effect on the readers of Holdens linguistic repetitions is not as strong as in the ST. Indeed, they force us to look for a set of somehow Romanian equivalent expressions or structures in order to capture all these elements in our own translation. Nobodys move. A) because he often drinks and drives B) because he views her as a sexual conquest C) because he has another girlfriend D) because he will likely make her pay her own way B) because he views her as a sexual conquest 300 Does Holden really dislike Stradlater? Explanations are often used within arguments and presented so as to serveas arguments. Stuff, in reference to one's privates. The semantic structure of a word predefines the possibility of its contextual use, and the translation of contextual meaning presents a hard task to translators. 3, 16 July 1951, 20-1. Let us know your assignment type and we'll make sure to get you exactly the kind of answer you need. Nothing. The New Republic, Vol. In all languages there are typical norms of word combinability. About what did Holden write in Stradlater's composition? essay, The Catcher in the Rye and The Outsider novels hold, Catcher in the Rye Essay Argumentative Essay, Belonging Essay 'Romulus My Father', 'the Lost Thing' and 'the Catcher in the Rye', Write The theme of this thesis that would be discussed is Lexical peculiarities and translation difficulties in The Catcher in the Rye by J. D. Salinger and this theme was chosen in order to describe the lexical peculiarities used by the author and to make distinction in the types of translation difficulties and to identify them in this work. From these two parts in different languages could be resulted that were used different types of translation difficulties in order to give the smallest basic elements that couldnt be seen without analyzing these two parts and taking into account the main element that mast be discussed translation difficulties. The many negative reactions were mainly caused by the social and political background of the postwar period, by misunderstanding the text, by misreading it, by associating the novel with famous criminals and the reading of the novel by the wrong audienceteenagers instead of adults. Therefore, the point that the author is trying to make is that the presence of the hat, mirrors the major conflict of the book which is Holdens need for isolation versus his need for companionship. //= $post_title He desires independence because he feels that the world is an inhospitable, ugly place that, he feels, deserves only contempt. The lexical translation consists in expliciting through other words the denotative meaning of the phraseologism, giving up all the other style and connotation aspects. A peculiar group of words demanding transformation in translation are the words that possess different volume of meaning in two languages. If you get on the side where all the hot-shots are, then it's a game, all rightI'll admit that. for a group? Lexical peculiarities that characterise this novel and the style of the author are Themes, Motifs and Symbols which are one of the major and that could be easily identified in the novel The Catcher in the Ray by J. D. Salinger. He fought in war. Salinger portrays all of society to be bad, and for many character's isolation from society is the only way to achieve happiness. She had lived next door to Holden before he came to Pencey. For intricate and unspoken reasons, seemingly stemming from Allie's death, Holden has trouble dealing with this kind of complexity. Holden himself realizes this to a degree when he acknowledges that his idea is crazy, yet he cannot come up with anything more pragmatic; he has trouble seeing the world in any other way. Another epithet that was used by the author in his novel is hardly ever listened (J. D. Salinger: 6) This is a reserved epithet because it is composed of two words linked by a preposition and it was chosen in order to point out to the reader that speech of old Spenser was not a clear one and not understandable one for the listener. But then, they have solutions and they can change their hard conditions for better ones. The presence of the hat, therefore, mirrors the central conflict in the book: Holden's need for isolation versus his need for companionship. One of the fist stylistic devices that were used by the author in his novel The Cather in the Ray is characters speech. answer choices He had been expelled because he failed four of five subjects. Hyperbole is a device which is sharpens the readers ability to make a logical assessment of the utterance. Does Holden hate Stradlater? They talk, argue, and then reconcile, and Phoebe asks Holden what he wants to do with his life. The symbol of isolation lies in the hat that Holden wears while he is writing. The only instances that create problems for the translator are the stable, recurrent lexical idioms that for their metaphorical meaning do not rely only on the readers logic at the moment of reading but also, and above all, on the value that such a metaphor has assumed in the history of the language under discussion. The types of the lexical peculiarities and their meanig would be pointed out in the context of this reserch paper. "What did Holden decide to write about in Stradlater's composition in The Catcher in the Rye?" After he finishes the composition for Stradlater, he stares out the window and listens to Ackley snore in the next room. He resents society as he does not seem to be part of it, and looks for sense of real place for him, where he could focus more on his phoniness. The second is represented by the analysis of a modernist novel written by J. D. Salinger The Cather in the Ray in which would be treated the points such as lexical pecularities and translation difficulties used by the author. And it is quite natural that this matter covers a wide range of examples. your own essay or use it as a source, but you need Here, we see how deeply his desire for independence is connected to his feeling of alienation, to the bitterness he has for the rest of the world. When developing a comprehensive opinion of the novel, it is important to consider the praises and criticisms ofThe Catcher in the Rye.Many critics consider J.D. When comparing the grammatical categories and forms of English and other languages are identify the following differences: Absence of conforming form, partial correspondence, differences in character and use urge translators to make necessary grammatical transformations while translating some piece. J. D. Salinger also uses another comparison with the worst place that could exist as hell because the author pointed out through the comparison like sad as hell (J.D.Salinger:13) that he used this word also with another meaning like that the person that made the worst thing in this life because through this words the author showed to the reader that Holdens feelings were compared with a hell. In 1951 Salinger released his novel, The Catcher in the Rye, an immediate popular success. In this chapter should be tried to focus mainly on the social and cultural contexts from the USA and Romania, as well as on some linguistic problems raised by Salingers use of highly colloquial and taboo language in The Catcher. Throughout the novel, Holden struggles through teenage life because he cannot accept the given responsibilities that come with growing up. He feels like he has a duty to save other people from growing up and maturing. A large number of idioms in English, and probably all languages, have both a literal and an idiomatic meaning. In the case of non phraseological rendering, there are two possibilities: one can opt for a lexical translation or for calques. In conclusion can be said that a translation does not necessarily have to be better than another one, all it has to do is to achieve its goal and reach its target audience successfully. In. About what did Holden write Stradlater's composition? - Answers This is characterized by different functioning of a word in language, different in usage and combinability, but even the primary meaning of an English word maybe wider of the corresponding one in Russian. How did Holden know Stradlater's date, Jane Gallagher? Each symbol has a different effect on Holden Caufields Life, emotions, and actions. It is his catch-all for describing the superficiality, hypocrisy, pretension, and shallowness that he encounters in the world around him. One of the most important translation difficulties is grammatical translation difficulties which is the hardest one in the identification and in the same time which change the structure and the meaning of the words from the source text into target text. Save over 50% with a SparkNotes PLUS Annual Plan! It completely unsettles him, and leaves him feeling confused and unsure. He has different perspective to other people, even though he has a. the English Literature by Stulov Why does Holden tear up the composition? - Short-Question Or if they just flew away. J. D. Salinger used a lot of stylistic device which made the content of the novel more exiting. This may be intended to explain why he doesn't write about his adventures and misadventures in New York until some time after these events have occurred. Holden's curiosity about where the ducks go during the winter reveals a genuine, more youthful side to his character. In translation from English to other languages it is faced the conflict of two completely different cultures, levels of development, customs and traditions. Afterwards, Salinger struggled with unwanted attention, including a legal battle in the 1980s with biographer Ian Hamilton and the release in the late 1990s of memoirs written by two people close to him: Joyce Maynard, an ex-lover; and Margaret Salinger, his daughter. You'll be billed after your free trial ends. The third problem is the use of bilingual dictionaries. Transposition, thats, change of structure of the sentence may be caused by several reasons. Holden dated her until her father made them stop seeing each other. The best one in it was The Secret Goldfish. . As he watches Phoebe sleep, Holden projects his own idealizations of childhood onto her. The Catcher in the Rye Chapter 4 | Shmoop J. D. Salinger used this epithet in order to make a comparison towards Holdens parents because in the beginning Holden showed to the reader a not positive one but old Spenser as the author describe this man point out to the reader that Holdens parents were good peoples. For example: it was made a calques translation from miles an hour ; the places mentioned in the source text (Hollywood and New York) stay in the target text, although New York is translated into New York, which is the generally accepted Romanian translation (recognized translation). In this graduation paper there are given such methods of investigation: The goal of this paper is to discover the lexical peculiarities and difficulties in translation from English into Romanian. Loneliness is the emotional manifestation of the alienation Holden experiences; it is both a source of great pain and a source of his security. support@phdessay.com. The volume meaning of these words does not usually coincide (except term-words). The conclusion is that although such cases of suppression or censure of the ST are not desirable or should never happen, in reality they do exist (and this chapter has offered some examples in point), but the fact that more and more people take interest in such situations may indicate that they may stop occurring in the future. Intra-lingual translation or rewording (an interpretation of verbal signs by means of other signs in the same language). The second reason, causing lexical difficulties to translation is the difference in the semantic volume of a word. The lexical translation consists in expliciting through other words the denotative meaning of the phraseologism, giving up all the other style and connotation aspects. The writings of Salinger, while they may have been excellent in style, have become very controversial for what he has portrayed in the society during this time period, The Catcher in the Ray is a writing of a well-known American writer J. D. Salinger that is marked by a lot of characteristics of Salinger writings. I wondered if some guy came in a truck and took them away to a zoo or something.